The Battery Management System (BMS), as a strong guarantee for the safe usage of batteries, has become one of the Indispensable roles in modern industries due to its powerful battery monitoring, early warning and managing functions. The standard monitoring items of BMS mainly include: Battery Voltage, Internal Resistance, Internal Battery Temperature, Connection strip resistance, Charge and Discharge Current, Ambient Temperature.
Battery management system, whether lead acid BMS or lithium battery BMS, is always equipped with basic functions as operational safety insurance of batteries through real-time monitoring of relevant items to timely warning potential risks. This article will demonstrate the practical meaning of each item in BMS, in order to better understand the functional significance of BMS.
A standard BMS often includes the following monitoring items:
1. Battery Voltage: single cell voltage and battery pack voltage should be maintained within the specified range. Too low a battery voltage can lead to insufficient capacity, and too high the voltage may result in high battery temperatures, gas precipitation, water loss, and grid corrosion.
2. Internal Resistance: Measurement of the internal resistance reflects the internal health of the battery for cell-to-cell comparisons as well as for future reference. Significant changes in internal resistance indicate significant changes in the battery and in turn result in changes in battery performance.
3. Internal Battery Temperature: Temperature is used to optimize battery operation and life. Monitoring the differences between ambient dimensions and the battery internal temperature to confirm that the manufacturer's recommended maximum value is not exceeded, thus avoiding the potential risk of thermal runaway which requires timely human intervention.
4. Connection strip resistance: The resistance of the connecting strip depends on its type and construction. Confirming that the connection strip resistance is below a certain level to timely reduce the pressure drop of the connection strip and prevent overheating causing catastrophic accidents.
5. Charge and Discharge Current: Current measurements provide information about the health of the battery and can also be used to indicate the operational status of charging and the integrity of the battery connections.
6. Ambient Temperature: Excessive ambient temperatures may shorten the life of the battery, and excessively low temperatures can result in a loss of battery capacity.
On this basis, users can configure other optional modules according to personalized needs to expand the monitoring contents of BMS, mainly including: Battery Thermal Runaway & Float Charge Current, Battery Leakage & Battery Pack Insulation, SOC/SOH, Battery Pack Voltage & CDF Discharge Transient Characteristics Monitoring.
In summary, by real-time monitoring the relevant items representing the battery state, the BMS is able to carry out the necessary analysis plan for the relevant parameters to obtain more system state assessment information. In this way, to realize effective control of the energy storage battery according to the specific protection and manage strategy, ensuring a safe and reliable operation of the whole battery energy storage unit.
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